Forging die



July 22, 1952 ow 2,603,988

FORGING DIE 7 Filed May 27, 1946 5 Sheets-Sheet l A- K. NOWAK FORGING DIE July 22', 1952 Filed May 27,

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 f M w h ,7 n n W= 1 1 I a 5 7 A. K. NOWAK FORGING DIE July 22, 1952 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fild May 27, 1946 a WW 7/ w .7/ 7w 2 v 4 0 .1. 7.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4 A. K. NOWAK' FORGING DIE Filed May 27, 1946 July 22, 1952 Patented July 22, 952

Alo'isK. Nowak,'Evanston, 111., assignor to Clearing Machine Corporation, Chicago, 111., a cor- .porationof Illinois .Application Mar 217, m ses; No. 672,536

'This invention relates to an ailporatusgand method for extruding, forming and ,reducinglin- 8 th u po f isolating 1 1 31 59119 mot l thereof containing the; segregated impuritiesi It is ,well known that after an inept has been poured and commences to cool; thesolidification thereof causes a shrinkage of the metal resulting'infaravity being formed centrally oithe ingot andat one e d eo rwhmho y s know as .jth .fp p na As the in ot c nc als th .imf

p. .itiesvtherein will be .seereeatedjin area onmediately below th pipin I -Bemov ng the unsound metal o the ingot co taining the segregated impurities by cutting off the entire end of the ingot just below the segre atohas b e a comm npract c Th s'm thod disposed oi the unsound 'metal butit also resulted in the discard, ,of a considerable, amount of sound metal which couldbe used only for remelting. thereby wasting a considerableplfbportion of .t he goodqmetal in the ingot. Isolating-this unsound mfltaliromthe remainder. otthe ingot resulting in;ayconsiderablesaving has been, proposed in re'' centyears. I 4.1m. invention is directed, to an, improvement upon the method. of,.'isolating the unsound .metal, andprovides for an,apparatus to carry out the various steps necessary the extrusion, form ins-and reducing -of the ingotto completely, is latel'wthe unsound metal thereof .irom .t h e sm a I It. .is, therefore, on of the principal of my invention to providev a, machin which automatically. will perform .a. series of operations on.

an ingot necessary toisolate the unsound .metal ..Another object of the invention .is to provide amachine which will receive and hold. an ingot while .-.various operations are being performed upon it to-isolate the unsoundmetal-thereof, and then will eject. the ingot, after these various operations have been performed.

A further object 'of the invention is to provide apmachine, having. a plurality of different dies adapted to be pressed against the end offthe ingothavingthe piping therein tothereby isolate the nsound met l. .l

1 Still another object of the invention is to provide a machine for receiving an ingot. in one position thereof, and which will move the ingot into a. position to be operatedupon by a plurality of dies; necessary to isolate the unsound metal thereof.

A still further object of the-invention is to novel means to aid-the manipulating mechanism .2 provide'a machine-which has anautomatically operated presscont'ain ing a plurality of dies, each adapted to be moved into operative positionsucce ssively thereby to perform successiveoperations on the ingot.

Still another and more specific object of the invention is'to'provi'de a dieblock 'for receiving the ingot, theblock being capable of being-rotated about a 'horizontalaxis as well as about a vertical axis' to' position properly the ingot for -convenient manipulation and operationthereonfi -A further object of ---the invention is to' provide for handling the ingotso that the efficienc'y or the mechanism can be increased considerably;

'Stillanother object "of the 'i nvention is topro vide an improved process. for isolating the unsound metal of ingots the apparatus herein 'disclosedbe ingadaptedto carryout such process,

Numerous other objects and advantagesof the invention will be apparent by reference tothe following description in conjunction with the accompanying; drawings in which 1.-is' a side elevational view of the apparatus embodying my invention; 2 g

' Fig. .2 isan under plan view of the press slide,

containing the various dies therein; v

Fig, 3 isa, fragmentary enlarged vertical sec:

i nal V ew thr h t e ow r art of th chine showin jfihe .die block with an ingot whichhas jus tbee chars d.the :ein;

r ig: .152 i e ele ation l .view' of the m hine vwit t e. lo e a t er of in vertica sect on,

show n the. die b o k. and. ng t a ter. ;-rq gt. .on about the horizontal axis thereof to. position the ingot vertically, the ingot being shown aiter-haying beenoperatedonby the finalupsetting die;

Fig. .5 is a, vertical sectional view throughfthe dieblock and ingot therein, showing-the manner of ejecting the ingot from the die block;

Fig. 6 is aside elevational view ,o f-the, machine showing the ingot in position onthe anvil port Q of the die block and about to bejoperated upon by the forgi d e; a

Fig. *1 is a vertical sectional viewth f-Qughthe.

ingot as it appears immediately after being operated upon by the extruding die;

Fig.- 8 is a vertical sectional view through the ingot as it appears immediately after being oper- 3 operated upon. The ingot is charged into the recess in a horizontal position, after which the die block'is rotated about a horizontal axis to position the ingot vertically.

whichis adapted to mov downwardly and press operation} is the extruding die whichflprddnlces a cleavage between the unsound portion thereof and the metal surrounding it.

The press slide The other dies roriai upsetting the surrounding metal are then brought into'position and pressed against the upper'end of the ingot. The die block. is then-.returnedto through. the gear; I 6. H Th eb qc vfi a rack I1. While any suitable means may be provided to actuate and reciprocate the rack I1, I have shown in Fig. 1, the rack as being secured to a piston rod I8, movable within a cylinder I9 which may be actuated by hydraulic means. It will be clear that reciprocation of the rack I! will rotate the die block I2 about its horizontal axis v a rec ess having a liner or insert adapted to be formed of 1 any desired material suitable for withstanding ,wear and the high temperature of the ingot if it "isplaced therein while still hot, and has coningot to the anvil portion ofthe the block, at 1 which time the forging die'acts to reduce the ingot to substantially its original shape with the:

isolated unsound portion extending outwardly beyond the end thereof. Ialso provide means for rotating the die block about a vertical axissothat ders 32in the pit; -.The;upper .sideof the-these I.

supports-a turn-table l, which has abracing or supporting member 5 extending downwardly and outwardly intermediate the upper and lower sides thereon An annular rib 6; is mounted on the upper side of the base-I and hasfahoriz ontal and inwardly extending portion which is adapted to bereceived withinan annular1groove in the turn-table, and acts as aguide when the turn-. tahleis rotated. A i

The turn-table. is, rotated by means of 7 a r ack Land gear 8 which may be'actuated hydraulically or by any o therdesired means. The gear 8 has securedtheretoa vertically extending tubular'member 9 having aficolla'r' I 0 attached thereto, or integral therewith and this member S is supported by the upper side of the base I..

The tubularm ember Sandcollaril provide a vertical elongated opening 1 through the turn-f table and base, the purpose o'f which. wnrbe more fully explained hereinaiterl. The collar. I9

mayjbe secured in any suitable manner to the turn table4 so that actuation of theracl; I andv gear, 8 will imparta rotary movement tov the;

turn-table.

[The upper surface of the turn-tabled is edncave, substantially as shown at H in Figs. 3, 4 and 5, in order to receive the die block 12, which has an outer spherical portion I3. It'will be noted that'this spherical surface extends substantially halfway around the die block so'that' when it is rotated about its horizontal axis, this surface I3 will ride in the concave surface II of the die block- The mounting of the die block i2 for rota tion about its horizontal axis may be more clearly seen by reference to Figs. 1 and 6, where the die block is shown as being provided withtrunnions I4 extending outwardly at each side thereof, and =j'ournalled in bearing I 5 supported on the upper side of the turn-table One of the trunnions i i'has .a' gear i6 secured toits outer end, the gear I6 being adaptedto be rotated by verging sides havin a taper substantially the same as that-'of'the ingot 2I so that the ingot may be; supportedqtightly therein. The recess extends all the way through the die block and terminates at its opposite endin a reduced portion 22. The die block I2 is also provided at one side thereof with an anvil portion 23 which supports the ingot 2 I whenit is being forgedback to its origin'al shape, aswillib'eimorefullyde scribedhereinafte'rf. 1, .JL;

The ejector 2.4. isadaptedto be moved through the opening 22 and against the ingot 21, after an, of the operations. have been performed ther on; toeject the ingot and permita subsequent one, to be charged therein.

,The ejector arm 24,,Fig1 l, is supported in a bearing 25 and isad'apte'idjto be reciprocated therein. j The: opposite end thereof; is] secured to, actuating means/2.6 which, in. 'thei.-preferred' embodiment of the invention; willbeloperatied hydraulically, although ,other Jjmeans, such'i as mechanical or electrical, may be used with ual success... U 1

A plurality of columns 21 extend upwardly from the base I and, "together withjtheicolumri 28', support,a plat form 29st thetopof the" p paratusi, A housing Sdislotzated on the platform within which the mechanismjis located fur ace.

tuatin'gfthe lpres s "slide and; .moving it against thfelrin'got'to perform the various operations] thereonlf This actuating'fmechanism "take the form of pumps, if the apparatus 15 to o erate u i ly. r y be: oth suitable means if the app'aratusistobe operated mechanically." In the form 'of thefinvention hown. c nd 'ifl d wnw rd hit l -theplatform 29 and ha dpistons nd piston rods H e ab re -i Th i t9n' ir ds-. ?i lli supportthe p-ress slide '33, which is reciprocablef alongthe columns .2], the under sid of which is shownfinFig 2s lt-isj 'desirable ducea.cleavage byfartiiici' s u d 'met i n' ins e si i "ah d ih surrounding sound metalfand for this purpose I provide an extruding die 3l. I also providetwo' upsetting dies, 35 and 36 to produce in succession the s' hapes at the upper end of the ingotf-as' shown in Figs; Sand 9'. If it, is desired to perf: form a final forging operation to reducefthe ingot back to substantially-its briginal shapeff l provide a forging die 13 1;.vv All of these dies are located in and carried by th'e press slide 3,3,1 and each is movable to a. central position within the press slide, so that it can perform the desired operation on the ingot. These dies are mounted on shuttle blocks which in turn are movable on tracks withinthe press slide. As shownflin'Fig. 2, the. extruding die. 34 and firstupsetting die. 35 move-along the tracked, while the second upsetting die 36 and-forging-die fi'I-move along.

the track 39. The specific arrangement of these VaIiQuS dies withrelation to eachothenis relatively. unimportant, since :after. the 5 extruding die performs its ::op'eration;..it :is -.moved 'a1ong ;.the track ".38 and the first upsettingsdie :takes.i:=its place .atlth'e center of the" press tslide. Likewise, each-successivezdie'. Lei-moved to. the center' position" .so. that a'slthe press slide. descendsjitis pressed against. ".the upper end" oft'the ingot: Here again the actuating means for moving the shuttles with the dies thereon successively into position, may be either hydraulic'or mechanical, asgdesired.

The operation of the machine thus'far includes thefirst step of positioning the die block l2, as shown in Fig. 3, witlfthe recess therein in a horizontal position. -'A manipulator-2140 is adapted tolcharge the ingo'tinto the recess of the die block; This manipulator may takeany suitable form such-as a "chainhoist, a pair of tongs, or other means in common usage for the handling ofingots in steel mills.

After the ingot is in place the rack and pinion I1 and I6 are actuated to rotate the die block with the ingot therein to position the ingot substantially vertically with the area of segregated impurities at the top thereof immediately below the piping. The extruding die 34 will have been moved to the position shown in Fig. 2 in the center of the press slide and the slide moved downwardly under suiiicient pressure so that the die will press against the upper end of the ingot and isolate the unsound metal thereof. The shape of the ingot at this point will be as shown in Fig. '7.

The first upsetting die 35 is then moved to the center of the press slide 33 along the track 38 as the extruding die 34 is moved out of position. The press slide is again lowered to press the upsetting die against the end of the ingot to upset the sound metal around the isolated unsound metal, and the ingot will then take the shape substantially like that shown in Fig. 8. 7

After the slide moves upwardly again and the first upsetting die is moved back to its original position, the second upsetting die 36 is moved to the center of the press slide and will be lowered and pressed against the end of the ingot to further upset the sound metal so that the ingot will then take substantially the same shape .as that shown in Fig. 9.

The isolated portion 4| will then project upwardly from the center of the ingot as shown in Figs. 4 and 9, and may be cropped at this time if so desired. If the ingot is to be forged back to substantially its original shape for rolling or extruding into a seamless tube, the isolated metal may be left on the ingot and disposed of after the rolling operation, but if the ingot in the form shown in Fig. 9 is to be immediately formed into the final article, it may be advisable to crop the isolated metal before a further forging operation.

After the final upsetting die has performed its operation, the rack and pinion I! and I6 will then be actuated to rotate the die block |2 so that the ingot therein will again assume a horizontal position, as shown in Fig. 5, with the anvil portion 23 of the die block also in a horizontal position at the top thereof. The ejector arm 24 will then be moved through the opening 22 and force the ingot 2| outwardly, where it will be intercepted by a supporting arm 42. This arm may be pivoted at 43 to a support 44 and have a rearwardly extending portion 45 pivotally secured at 46 to the piston rod 41 of a cylinder 48. The piston 48, which may be hydraulically operated if "so desired, is rotatably mounted by means of a pivot pin 49betwee'n rearwardly ex tending-arms. 50' of the support 44. When'the supporting :arms 42 receive the ingot'2 the position :thereof will-be like that shown in Fig. 15 where thersupporting'arms .haveybeerirotated downwardly andathe piston 'rod 41, will. be ;ex-' tendedas-shown. To permit this motion the {cylinder, :48 will pivot slightly about :its. pivotal point '-.4 9.-.

' If a further forging operation isdesired,-. the piston;43 and piston rod 4-1 will be'actuatedto rotate the supporting arms 42 in a clockwise direction and carrythe ingot 2| upwardly to a position where it can-be easily contacted by the manipulator 40, which will place the ingot "on the anvil 23, as shown in'Fig. 6. I In the meantime, the forging die 3'! .will have been moved tothe center of the press slide, which will then be lowered to bring the -f0rging .die .againstthe bulged-out part of the ingot to thereby reduce it back to substantially its original shape.

To further increase the efficiency of the machine, I provide a similar manipulator and supporting and delivering mechanism on another side of the machine, substantially away from that shown in the present figures. When this is done, the rack and pinion, 1 and 8, will be operated to rotate the turn-table 4 and the die block about a vertical axis after the ingot .has

been ejected therefrom. Then while the ma v nipulator is transferring the ingot from the die block to the anvil, another ingot will be charged into the recess when the apparatus is in the position shown in Fig. 6. Then, after the final forging operation on the ingot has been completed, and the ingot removed from the anvil, the die block can be rotated about its horizontal axis to bring a succeeding ingot into position to be operated upon. This procedure will obviate the necessity of waiting until the final forging operation on an ingot has been completed before charging a succeeding ingot into the die block.

It should be noted that when the ingot is in a vertical position, as in Fig. 4, the opening 22 in the die block will be in vertical alignment with the elongated opening through the base and within the tubular member 9. As the various isolating and upsetting operations are performed The invention provides an efiicient apparatus for performing isolating and upsetting operations on an ingot to separate the unsound metal thereof from the sound metal without necessitating the removal of any of the sound metal.

While the invention has been shown and described herein in the preferred embodiment thereof as being actuated hydraulically, it will be clear that other actuating means can be employed, and the general form, construction and arrangement of parts can be modified-without in any way departing from the spirit or scope of the invention and without sacrificing any'of -the attendant ad vantages.

Having thus described my invention what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Pat ent of the United States is:

1. In a machine having dies associated therewith for isolating unsound metal of an ingot, a unitary die block having a substantially semicircular outer surface and an opening therethrough, said opening terminating at one end thereof in a reduced neck portion, whereby: crust and scale from the ingot-will drop therethrough duringthe working of the ingot, a support for said die block having the surface thereof concave toreceive and support the curved outer surface with for isolating unsound metal of an ingot, a

unitary die block having a portion of the outer surface thereof convexly curved and having an openingtherethrough to receive an ingot, a support forsaid die block having the surface thereof concave to receive and support the curved outer surface of saiddie block, a vertically disposed opening through said support inzalignment .with said first opening during the isolating of :the sound metal, and means to rotate said die block 7 on its support about a horizontalaxis.

. ALOlS' NOWAKEZ. i REFERENCES CITED The following ref are of record H c file of this patent: v L UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 610,524 v Cleve1and, Sept 13, 1898 1,633,970 Ball June 28, v192?? 1,726,731 Bartlett et a1. V -Sept. 3,-1929 2,001,902 Engelbertz May 21, 1935 

